Wide Infrared Bandpass Filter

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This coating is for light at normal incidence on a germanium substrate (index 4). The requirements are:

A. Transmittance < 0.1% for wavelengths 2000-3000 nm
B. Transmittance > 99% for wavelengths 3300-5000 nm
C. Transmittance < 0.1% for wavelengths 5500-7000 nm

The two coating materials are Ge and ZnS (indices 4.2 and 2.2). Although this coating could be designed by "brute force" (just input the optimization targets and let needle/tunneling find a design), a faster approach for wide bandpass filters is to (1) design short and long wave pass filters, (2) append the two filters, and (3) reoptimize. The procedure is illustrated here.

First, starting with a single thin layer, the needle/tunneling method was used to create a 31-layer long-wave pass filter using requirements A and B. The transmission in requirement A was reduced to 0.01% so that the final design can meet the 0.1% requirement. The performance is shown below.

Plot of long-pass design

Second, starting with a single thin layer, the needle/tunneling method was used to create a 17-layer short-wave pass filter using requirements B and C. The performance is shown below.

Plot of short-pass design

Third, experience shows that it is best to place the short-wave pass filter closest to the substrate and then to append the long-wave pass filter. (The needle/tunneling method "discovers" this fact when the brute-force approach is used.) Before optimizing, the performance is:

Plot of bandpass design

After optimizing this design, the final performance is:

Plot of bandpass design

Here are the designs, with the first layer closest to the substrate and thickness given in nm. With a little more work, it may be possible to eliminated some thin layers.
          Short        Long       Bandpass
    ZnS   83.39                     97.33
    Ge    48.25                     48.60
    ZnS  756.31                    761.47
    Ge   403.51                    412.85
    ZnS  710.33                    720.06
    Ge   377.93                    382.28
    ZnS  696.05                    705.03
    Ge   370.17                    370.42
    ZnS  696.91                    709.26
    Ge   365.05                    358.23
    ZnS  705.00                    718.52
    Ge   361.44                    353.08
    ZnS  719.03                    724.86
    Ge   360.53                    360.01
    ZnS  751.56                    710.47
    Ge   328.61                    398.52
    ZnS  369.01      158.71        564.95
    Ge               124.38         40.79
    ZnS              260.14        224.72
    Ge                78.55        125.31
    ZnS              149.33        133.58
    Ge               102.25         98.28
    ZnS              235.97        268.21
    Ge               145.53        138.25
    ZnS              279.07        238.01
    Ge               128.80        125.48
    ZnS              196.52        232.65
    Ge                67.11         68.54
    ZnS              159.26        168.55
    Ge               132.16        150.14
    ZnS              271.50        254.28
    Ge               144.32        125.25
    ZnS              281.93        307.19
    Ge               149.33        165.16
    ZnS              278.65        256.22
    Ge               140.79        133.04
    ZnS              271.93        289.60
    Ge               147.16        147.63
    ZnS              276.89        266.04
    Ge               138.39        134.34
    ZnS              271.52        265.60
    Ge               152.12        156.86
    ZnS              291.92        294.15
    Ge               135.69        123.17
    ZnS              249.93        250.12
    Ge               166.98        178.96
    ZnS              553.73        528.64
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